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Alasan Pemerintah Indonesia Meratifikasi Konvensi Internasional Perlindungan Hak Pekerja Migran Tahun 2012

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  • Zulfikar, Achmad

Abstract

Migrasi internasional kini telah menjad fenomena keseharian yang menarik perhatian banyak negara di dunia, baik yang terlibat langsung sebagai negara pengirim, negara transit, negara penerima, dan kombinasi dari ketiganya maupun yang tidak terlibat langsung. Indonesia adalah salah satu negara yang terlibat langsung dalam berbagai isu migrasi internasional yang membutuhkan penanganan secara taktis dan strategis. Peran ganda Indonesia dalam isu migrasi ini baik sebagai negara pengirim tenaga kerja maupun negara penerima tenaga kerja asing membawa konsekuensi kewajiban pemerintah berdasarkan amanat konstitusi untuk melindungi para pekerja migran Indonesia (TKI), dan para pekerja yang bekerja di Indonesia (TKA). Oleh karena itu menjadi hal yang lumrah bila pemerintah meratifikasi sebuah aturan internasional terkait perlindungan hak pekerja migran, meskipun sempat menimbulkan tanda tanya mengapa harus melalui masa penantian kurang lebih delapan tahun. Melalui penelitian ini, peneliti mengulas alasan dibalik masa penantian tersebut dimana Indonesia baru meratifikasi Konvensi tersebut pada tahun 2012. Penelitian ini berlandaskan pada studi pustaka, dan wawancara dengan narasumber yang relevan termasuk mereka yang terlibat langsung dalam proses ratifikasi tersebut. Penelitian ini secara garis besar menemukan bahwa pemerintah Indonesia meratifikasi Konvensi Internasional Perlindungan Hak Pekerja Migran adalah atas pertimbangan kepentingan ekonomi dan politik. Dari aspek ekonomi, pemerintah Indonesia berupaya memperlihatkan komitmennya untuk menjaga investasi asing di Indonesia melalui perlindungan tenaga kerja asing (TKA) yang merupakan penggerak investasi dalam rangka menjaga pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Sedangkan dari aspek politik, Indonesia berupaya meningkatkan posisi tawar (bargaining position) terhadap negara-negara tujuan penempatan tenaga kerja Indonesia (TKI) agar negara-negara tersebut memberikan perlindungan yang maksimal terhadap tenaga kerja Indonesia di luar negeri. --- International migration has now become everyday phenomena that attract the attention of many countries in the world, either directly involved as sending countries, transit countries, recipient countries, and the combination of the three or is not directly involved. Indonesia is one of the countries directly involved in international migration issues that need to be addressed tactically and strategically. Indonesian dual role in this migration issue as both labor-sending countries and receiving countries of foreign labor, bring consequences to the government obligations mandated by constitution to protect Indonesian migrant workers (TKI), and the foreign workers who work in Indonesia (TKA). Therefore become logic when the government ratified an international rules regarding the protection of the rights of migrant workers, although it was highly questionable why go through the waiting period of approximately eight years. Through this study, researchers reviewed the reasons behind the waiting period where Indonesia ratify the Convention in 2012. This study is based on a literature review, and interviews with relevant resource persons, including those directly involved in the ratification process. This research broadly finds that the Indonesian government to ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of Migrant Workers is above the economic interests and political considerations. From the economic aspect, the Indonesian government sought to show its commitment to maintain foreign investment in Indonesia through the protection of foreign workers (TKA) which is driving investment in order to maintain economic growth in Indonesia. As for the political aspect, Indonesia seeks to improve the bargaining position to the countries of destination placement of Indonesian workers (TKI) that these countries provide maximum protection for Indonesian workers overseas.

Suggested Citation

  • Zulfikar, Achmad, 2013. "Alasan Pemerintah Indonesia Meratifikasi Konvensi Internasional Perlindungan Hak Pekerja Migran Tahun 2012," Thesis Commons 78tdu, Center for Open Science.
  • Handle: RePEc:osf:thesis:78tdu
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/78tdu
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    Cited by:

    1. Zulfikar, Achmad, 2017. "Mapping the Position of Indonesian Migrant Workers towards ASEAN Economic Community 2015," OSF Preprints 5cefw, Center for Open Science.
    2. Zulfikar, Achmad, 2017. "Dilema Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Pengesahan Konvensi Internasional Perlindungan Hak Pekerja Migran Tahun 2012," INA-Rxiv 27zng, Center for Open Science.

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