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Assessing Foreign Interference During the "Year of Elections"

Author

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  • Greene, Kevin T.
  • Imbrogno, Jeffrey J.
  • Shapiro, Jacob N

Abstract

How widespread was foreign interference in elections in 2024, the "global year of elections"? We compile new data on foreign election interference in each of the 63 national-level executive and legislative elections held in 2024. We find that foreign interference was common, there is clear evidence of it in 30 percent of elections and affecting 60 percent of the world’s voting population. Russia conducted the most interference efforts, targeting more elections than all other actors combined, and focusing largely on European elections. Interference was most often carried out through social media and by setting up fake news sites.

Suggested Citation

  • Greene, Kevin T. & Imbrogno, Jeffrey J. & Shapiro, Jacob N, 2026. "Assessing Foreign Interference During the "Year of Elections"," SocArXiv smp69_v1, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:socarx:smp69_v1
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/smp69_v1
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