Methodology for Investigating Moderating Relationships in Cognitive Biases: A Guide for Workplace Decision-Making Studies in Singapore

This paper is part of a broader research program by Ohms (2025c) that provides a comprehensive methodological framework for investigating moderating relationships among cognitive biases and decision-making processes in the Singaporean workplace. It builds upon the foundational factors established in prior studies, including the identification of research gaps through a systematic literature review by Ohms (2025f), the development of a research framework and hypotheses by Ohms (2025e), and the design of the methodology by Ohms (2025d). It outlines the detailed procedures for conducting moderation analysis. Further, it builds on the outcomes of the data validation and preliminary analysis by Ohms (2025a) and the empirical analysis of the direct effects by Ohms (2025b). Accordingly, this paper describes advanced statistical techniques for examining how time pressure and complexity affect the relationships between cognitive biases (overconfidence bias, herding bias, decision avoidance bias) and critical stages of employee decision-making (evaluating information, searching information, procrastination). By detailing variable preparation, construction of interaction terms, applying multiple regression analysis with robust standard errors, and interpreting moderation effects, this paper contributes a rigorous and transparent approach to enhancing analytical depth in behavioural economics and management research, particularly in Singapore.