Initial Motivation Drivers of Medical Career Aspirations: An Exploratory Analysis Using Self-Determination and Expectancy Value

Background: Medical career aspirations often develop early in students’ educational journeys and are influenced by various psychological and social factors. Understanding these early motivations is important because they shape students’ academic choices, persistence, and long-term career satisfaction. This study explores the initial motivation drivers of medical career aspirations using the frameworks of Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT). Method: A mixed-method research design was employed to capture both numerical trends and personal perspectives. Quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires measuring intrinsic motivation, perceived competence, expectations of success, and perceived value of the medical profession. Qualitative data were obtained through open-ended responses and interviews that allowed participants to describe their motivations and influences in greater depth. Participants were students who expressed interest in pursuing a medical career. Results: The findings indicate that intrinsic motivations—particularly interest in science and the desire to help others—were major drivers of medical career aspirations. Students who reported higher confidence in their academic abilities, especially in science subjects, were more likely to expect success in medical training. Additionally, participants perceived medicine as a valuable profession due to its social impact, career stability, and opportunities for personal achievement. Qualitative findings further revealed the influence of family encouragement, personal experiences, and curiosity about human biology in shaping early career intentions. Conclusion: Medical career aspirations are shaped by a combination of intrinsic motivation, beliefs about academic ability, and perceived value of the profession. Integrating insights from SDT and EVT provides a deeper understanding of how early motivations develop and offers useful implications for educators and career counselors supporting future medical professionals. Keywords: medical career aspirations, student motivation, Self-Determination Theory, Expectancy-Value Theory, career choice, medical education.