Spirituality in Entrepreneurship

Previous studies revealed that spirituality in entrepreneurship is not illusion but a real phenomenon. An entrepreneur who was spiritually motivated will get more benefits in terms of satisfaction, commitment, productivity, flexibility, creativity and will stay longer in business. They will have better health and lower level of stress compare to those who are not. Spirituality comes from Latin word 'spiritus' which means 'spirit, soul'. It was originated from the Hebrew - word of 'Ruach', 'Nefhes'. The term spirituality was previously use intertwine with religion but later also applied in management. Peter Pruzan identified spirituality as a search for meaning that transcends material well being. It focused on basic, deep-rooted human values, in relationship with a universal source, power and divinity. There are some theories in business and management discipline which try to identify and explain the role of spirituality in entrepreneurial activities. Push theory explains the external determinants that motivate entrepreneur to start their business. While the pull theory elaborates the function of internal motivations that influences someone to open firm. Spirituality is something that comes from within the entrepreneurs and encourages him or her strongly to do their business and make contribution to the welfare of others or common goods. Those who are spiritually motivated will consider their business activities as a calling and vocation and not merely as financial gain. Spirituality for them functions as a driving force business activitities.