Chemical Reactions In High- Temperature Water Using Mathematics And Physics Concepts

A mathematical model for the primary chemical process occurring in 1 J/pulse electrical discharge in water has been developed. The discharge channel is divided into two zones: The core and recombination region. The core is a very narrow (ca 10 μm) part of the channel where high temperature initiation reaction take place and where the majority of molecule hydrogen and 47 % of the molecular oxygen are formed. The recombination region is a 200 μm radius zone where additional reactions such as hydrogen peroxide formation take place. The temperature in the core ranged from 5000 K at the centre to 2000 K at the boundary and the pressure. The only adjustable parameter in the system was found to be 14 atm. The model describes for the first time how molecular oxygen is formed in an underwater discharge and it is also able to described the experimental observed stoichiometry of H2, O2 and H2O2 formation. The concentration and temperature profiles inside the discharge channel as well as a general scheme for the water dissociation and molecular species formation are also reported. There have been few studies in the literature that closely examined the different potential influences of High temperature – water (HTW) on chemical reactions. Although the existing reviews and overviews of reactions in aqueous media include some discussion of solvent effects, in none of these reviews is the focal point the role of the reaction medium. This previous treatment of this topic is neither complete nor critical.