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Making Markets: Unpacking Design and Governance of Carbon Market Mechanisms

Author

Listed:
  • Andrew Prag

    (OECD)

  • Gregory Briner

    (OECD)

  • Christina Hood

    (International Energy Agency)

Abstract

Carbon market mechanisms such as emissions trading systems and crediting mechanisms can have multiple objectives. A key goal is to lower the cost of achieving greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions. Market mechanisms can also catalyse investment in low carbon technologies and practices, provide local environmental and health benefits, contribute to fostering innovation, provide a source of government revenue and facilitate more ambitious mitigation action in future. They can therefore play an important role in the diverse policy toolkit needed to address the global issue of climate change. This paper identifies the key design elements of market mechanisms and examines the governance structures and decision-making processes used to create tradable GHG units in existing systems both inside and outside of the UNFCCC. The analysis explores the potential involvement of international, national and sub-national regulatory bodies in the governance and decision-making processes and the possible role that internationally-agreed standards could play in providing confidence in the quality of GHG units. Les mécanismes de marché appliqués au carbone, par exemple les systèmes d’échange de droits d’émission ou les mécanismes d’attribution de crédits, peuvent avoir plusieurs finalités. Abaisser le coût de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) est notamment un objectif essentiel. De plus, les mécanismes de marché peuvent catalyser l’investissement dans les technologies et les pratiques à faible émission de carbone, procurer des avantages pour l’environnement et la santé au niveau local, contribuer à stimuler l’innovation, représenter une source de recettes publiques et faciliter une action d’atténuation plus ambitieuse à l’avenir. Ils peuvent donc jouer un rôle important dans les diverses boîtes à outils dont les pouvoirs publics ont besoin pour faire face au problème mondial du changement climatique. Ce document met en évidence les principales caractéristiques des mécanismes de marché et examine les structures de gouvernance ainsi que les processus décisionnels qui interviennent dans la création des unités négociables de GES utilisées dans les systèmes existants, que ceux-ci relèvent ou non de la CCNUCC. Il analyse aussi la possible participation d’organismes réglementaires internationaux, nationaux et infranationaux ainsi que le rôle que pourraient jouer des règles internationalement admises pour inspirer confiance dans la qualité des unités de GES.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrew Prag & Gregory Briner & Christina Hood, 2012. "Making Markets: Unpacking Design and Governance of Carbon Market Mechanisms," OECD/IEA Climate Change Expert Group Papers 2012/3, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:envaab:2012/3-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5k43nhks65xs-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiao Yang & Wen Jia & Kedan Wang & Geng Peng, 2024. "Does the National Carbon Emissions Trading Market Promote Corporate Environmental Protection Investment? Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-22, January.

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