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Abstract
As school choice is an increasingly common feature of OECD education systems, the regulation of publicly funded private schools has become a salient concern for researchers and policy makers alike. Focussing on three areas of regulation – selective admission, add-on tuition fees and for-profit ownership – this paper provides a review of the theoretical and empirical literature concerning their effects on equity and educational effectiveness. It also offers an overview of different countries’ approaches to the funding of private education and the methodological challenges involved in their empirical evaluation. The available evidence confirms that the funding of private schools has yielded widely different results across educational systems and suggests that regulatory frameworks are an important factor shaping these outcomes. Selective admission and substantial add-on tuition fees in particular are likely to exacerbate social segregation and can undermine schools’ incentives to compete on the basis of educational quality. The evidence on subsidised for-profit schools is equally divergent across countries but evidence points to the importance of rigorous accreditation processes and clear conditions concerning selectivity and fees to guide allocation of public funds. Although important questions are yet to be conclusively addressed, including the interaction of different regulatory devices and their effect on specific student groups, the existing literature suggests that private school regulation can make an important contribution to the equity and effectiveness of school choice programmes. À mesure que le choix scolaire est une caractéristique des systèmes éducatifs de l'OCDE de plus en plus commune, la réglementation des écoles privées subventionnées par l’État est devenue une préoccupation saillante pour les chercheurs et les décideurs. En se concentrant sur trois domaines de la réglementation – l’admission sélective, les frais de scolarité et les établissements à but lucratif – ce rapport présente une revue de la littérature théorique et empirique concernant leurs effets sur l'équité et l'efficacité pédagogique. Il énumère également des approches différentes au financement des écoles privées et les défis méthodologiques impliqués dans leur évaluation empirique. Les données disponibles confirment que le financement de l'enseignement privé a donné des résultats très différents à travers les systèmes éducatifs et suggère que les cadres réglementaires sont un principal facteur affectant ces résultats. L’admission sélective et les frais de scolarité substantiels en particulier sont susceptibles d'aggraver la ségrégation sociale et de réduire les incitations des écoles de concourir sur la base de leur qualité éducative. Les données sur les écoles subventionnées à but lucratif sont également divergentes à travers des pays, mais ils soulignent l'importance d'un processus d'accréditation rigoureux et des conditions réglementaires en ce qui concerne leur qualité et sélectivité. Bien que des questions importantes doivent encore être abordées définitivement, la littérature existante suggère que la réglementation des écoles privées peut constituer une contribution importante à l'équité et l'efficacité des programmes de choix scolaire.
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Cited by:
- Ziad Ghandour & Odd Rune Straume, 2022.
"Optimal funding coverage in a mixed oligopoly with quality competition and price regulation,"
Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 136(3), pages 201-225, August.
- Georges Landeghem, 2024.
"Counting pupils moving between elusive schools: between-school pupil mobility in the Flemish primary education market,"
Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 58(5), pages 4433-4457, October.
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