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Les politiques du logement en France

Author

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  • Bénédicte Rolland

Abstract

Les politiques du logement en France visent à satisfaire plusieurs objectifs. Il s’agit en premier lieu d’assurer à chacun un logement qui corresponde à ses besoins et à ses capacités financières. Le logement social, les aides au logement, les dispositifs d’aide à l’investissement locatif et le mécanisme de garantie des risques locatifs sont mobilisés pour atteindre cet objectif. Afin d’assurer à tous un logement décent, l’entretien régulier du parc de logements et son amélioration énergétique sont en outre assurés par des incitations fiscales et des aides directes. Au-delà de cet objectif premier, d’autres buts sont poursuivis. Ainsi, encourager la mixité sociale fait partie des priorités en réaction à la concentration de populations en difficulté dans les zones défavorisées. L’accession à la propriété demeure également un objectif sous-jacent des politiques du logement, comme en témoigne la réforme mise en oeuvre en 2011, qui a refondu les différents mécanismes favorisant l’accession. L’objectif plus récent du verdissement des aides au logement s’est affirmé, en particulier depuis le Grenelle de l’environnement de 2009. Le logement est ainsi un bien étroitement contrôlé et subventionné par l’Etat. Mais il est aussi une source de revenus pour ce dernier : les prélèvements portant sur le logement représentent près de 7 % des recettes fiscales totales. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE de la France 2011 (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/france). Housing policies in France Housing policies in France are designed to meet several objectives. They consist primarily in ensuring that all households have housing that corresponds to their needs and financial means. Social housing, housing subsidies, schemes for rental investment and the tenancy guarantee scheme are used to reach that objective. To ensure decent housing for all regular maintenance of the housing stock and its improvement are also encouraged through tax incentives and direct subsidies. Beyond this first objective, other goals are pursued. Thus, encouraging social diversity became a priority in response to the concentration of groups in difficulty located in disadvantaged areas. Home ownership also remains an underlying objective of housing policies, as evidenced by the reform implemented in 2011, which consolidated the various mechanisms involved. The latest target aims at greening housing support, particularly since the “Grenelle de l’environnement” in 2009. Housing is therefore a good that is tightly controlled and subsidised by the State. But it is also one of its sources of revenues: levies on housing represent about 7% of total tax revenues. This Working Paper relates to the 2011 OECD Economic Survey of France (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/france).

Suggested Citation

  • Bénédicte Rolland, 2011. "Les politiques du logement en France," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 870, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:870-fr
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgc42svvr5f-fr
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    1. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/7o52iohb7k6srk09mgl200438 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Sabine Le Bayon & Sandrine Levasseur & Christine Rifflart, 2013. "Ville et logement," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(2), pages 7-18.
    3. Sabine Le Bayon & Sandrine Levasseur & Christine Rifflart, 2013. "Ville et logement," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(2), pages 7-18.
    4. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/7o52iohb7k6srk09mitalgtqp is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Sabine Le Bayon & Sandrine Levasseur & Pierre Madec, 2013. "Achat de la résidence principale," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03475964, HAL.
    6. Sabine Le Bayon & Sandrine Levasseur & Pierre Madec, 2013. "Achat de la résidence principale. Le profil des ménages français dans les années 2000," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(2), pages 451-482.
    7. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/7o52iohb7k6srk09mitalgtqp is not listed on IDEAS
    8. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/7o52iohb7k6srk09mitalgtqp is not listed on IDEAS

    More about this item

    Keywords

    France; housing policies; politiques du logement;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand
    • R30 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - General
    • R31 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Housing Supply and Markets
    • R38 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Government Policy

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