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Workplace Stress in the United States: Issues and Policies

Author

Listed:
  • Michael Darden

    (Tulane University)

Abstract

Despite relative affluence, workplace stress is a prominent feature of the US labour market. To the extent that job stress causes poor health outcomes – either directly through increased blood pressure, fatigue, muscle pain, etc. or indirectly through increased rates of cigarette smoking – policy to lessen job stress may be appropriate. Focusing predominantly on the United States, this report reviews the literature on a variety of economic concerns related to job stress and health. Areas in which economists may provide valuable insights regarding job stress include empirical selection concerns in identifying the effect of stress on health; measurement error with respect to stress; the existence and magnitude of compensating differentials for stress; and the unique “job lock” effect in the United States created by a system of employer-provided health insurance. This report concludes with a brief discussion of US policies related to job stress. This Working Paper relates to the 2014 OECD Economic Survey of the United States (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/United States ). Stress au travail aux États-Unis : questions et actions Malgré une relative prospérité, le stress au travail constitue une caractéristique importante du marché du travail aux États-Unis. Dans la mesure où il génère des problèmes de santé, soit directement par une hausse de la tension artérielle, de la fatigue, des douleurs musculaires, etc., soit indirectement par une augmentation de la consommation tabagique, il semble utile d’entreprendre des actions visant à atténuer le stress au travail. Ce rapport, qui porte essentiellement sur les États-Unis, passe en revue les articles publiés sur diverses problématiques économiques liées au stress au travail et à la santé. Parmi les domaines dans lesquels les économistes pourraient apporter un éclairage intéressant sur le stress au travail, on peut citer les problèmes de sélection empirique lors de la détermination de l’effet du stress sur la santé, les erreurs de mesure en rapport avec le stress, la présence et l’ampleur des différentiels compensatoires liés au stress, ainsi que l’effet – propre aux États-Unis – de « rétention de l’emploi » créé par un système d’assurance-maladie fournie par l’employeur. Le présent rapport se conclut par une brève analyse des mesures prises dans le pays pour lutter contre le stress au travail. Ce document de travail est lié à l’Étude économique 2014 des États-Unis menée par l’OCDE (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/United States).

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Darden, 2014. "Workplace Stress in the United States: Issues and Policies," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1150, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1150-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz0zb5t4532-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    health; job stress; labour market policies; politique marché du travail; santé; stress au travail;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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