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Fighting Extreme Poverty in Brazil: The Influence of Citizens' Action on Government Policies

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  • Fernanda Lopes de Carvalho

Abstract

Against the background of Brazil’s highly unequal distribution of income and wealth, and its history of alienation and passivity of the poor, in particular during the years of political authoritarianism, this paper shows how an active civil society, driven by ethical concerns, has, since 1993, nudged democratic government at different levels as well as enterprises of the public sector into undertakings which alleviate poverty directly in various ways and open up new perspectives for a number of the poor.While the reach and impact of these programmes is still rather limited in the face of the country’s 32 million “extremely poor” (1990), and data are lacking for a comprehensive evaluation, the approach followed deserves attention as a large-scale experiment which introduces new political practices, based on dialogue between administrations and committees of citizens about priorities as well as implementation and monitoring of activities. In political terms, the main achievement is ... Le Brésil est marqué par une grande inégalité dans la répartition des revenus et de la richesse et par une tradition d’aliénation et de passivité des pauvres — notamment durant la période de dictature politique. Ce document montre pourtant comment une société civile dynamique, portée par des préoccupations éthiques, a réussi depuis 1993 à pousser les pouvoirs publics démocratiquement élus, aux différents niveaux, ainsi que les entreprises du secteur public à entreprendre des actions qui réduisent directement la pauvreté d’une manière ou d’une autre, et ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives pour un certain nombre de pauvres.Même si l’étendue et l’impact de ces programmes restent limités au regard des 32 millions de personnes vivant dans l’extrême pauvreté que compte le pays (en 1990), et même si l’on manque de données pour évaluer le phénomène dans son ensemble, cette approche mérite de retenir l’intérêt. Elle représente en effet une expérience à grande échelle de renouvellement des ...

Suggested Citation

  • Fernanda Lopes de Carvalho, 1998. "Fighting Extreme Poverty in Brazil: The Influence of Citizens' Action on Government Policies," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 142, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:devaaa:142-en
    DOI: 10.1787/864833155654
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