Chancellor Merz’s First 100 Days: Germany’s Foreign, Security, and Economic Agenda

This policy brief analyzes the first 100 days in office of Chancellor Friedrich Merz, which have been marked by an assertive foreign policy, ambitious security reforms, and a shift toward economic pragmatism. Merz has sought to reestablish Germany as a ‘leading middle power’, emphasizing closer European coordination, renewed transatlantic engagement, and unwavering support for Ukraine. However, his approach to the Gaza conflict, characterized by alignment with U.S. positions and reluctance to support ceasefire efforts, has exposed tensions with European Union partners and within his coalition. Domestically, Merz has pushed through a constitutional amendment to enable large-scale infrastructure investment, reversing his party’s traditional stance on borrowing. In security policy, he has launched institutional reforms and proposed significant defense spending increases. Yet, his government has lacked a coherent Africa strategy, focusing narrowly on migration control. The brief concludes that Merz’s ambitions are clear, but their success will depend on coalition cohesion, strategic clarity, and public support.