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A Vulnerabilidade Externa Brasileira no Regime Cambial de Flutuação Suja

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  • Saulo Quadros Santiago

Abstract

Este trabalho analisa a vulnerabilidade da economia brasileira a variações no estado de expectativas internacionais, resultante da natureza de sua inserção no cenário externo e das modificações institucionais no mercado cambial e na conversibilidade da conta financeira do balanço de pagamentos. Para isso, analisam-se a capacidade de obtenção de receitas correntes em moeda estrangeira, o comportamento do fluxo financeiro estrangeiro em direção à economia brasileira e as posições acumuladas em ativo e passivo externo. A partir de dados empíricos, verifica-se que a geração de receitas correntes denominadas em moeda estrangeira tem sido espúria, que o fluxo financeiro externo tem sido volátil, oscilando conforme o estado de expectativas internacionais, que o passivo externo líquido tem apresentado crescimento desde meados da década de 2000 e que o estoque acumulado de reservas tem sido insuficiente para fazer face simultaneamente aos compromissos externos e à demanda por moeda estrangeira dos investidores de portfólio, em cenário de deterioração do estado de expectativas. This paper analyzes Brazilian vulnerability to changes in international state of expectations as a result from the nature of its insertion in the external scenario and from institutional changes in foreign exchange market and financial account convertibility. For that purpose, it evaluates the capacity of obtaining current revenues in foreign currency, the behavior of foreign financial flow towards domestic economy and the positions in external assets and liabilities. From empirical data, it is verified that current revenues in foreign currency has been spurious, that external financial flow has been volatile, oscillating according to the state of international expectations, and that net external liabilities presented growth along in the 2000’s. Moreover, this paper shows that exchange reserves are insufficient to meet both external commitments and liquidation of foreign portfolio investment in local markets, in a situation of state of expectations deterioration.

Suggested Citation

  • Saulo Quadros Santiago, 2017. "A Vulnerabilidade Externa Brasileira no Regime Cambial de Flutuação Suja," Discussion Papers 2321, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2321
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