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Revisitando a Sustentabilidade do Endividamento Público no Brasil

Author

Listed:
  • Mário Jorge Mendonça
  • Tito Belchior Moreira
  • Luis Alberto Medrano
  • Joaquim Ramalho

Abstract

Este estudo tem como objetivo examinar a questão da sustentabilidade da dívida pública no Brasil a partir de diferentes tipos de abordagens. Com base na análise dos fatores condicionantes da dívida líquida do setor público (DLSP) no período de 2002 a 2014, parece haver uma mudança no regime fiscal analisado entre 2011 e 2014 comparativamente ao período anterior de 2002 a 2010. Propomos um indicador de DLSP que inclui a Petrobras, a Eletrobras e os restos a pagar. A evolução deste indicador mostra que não houve uma redução tão acentuada da dívida líquida em relação ao produto interno bruto (PIB) como mostram os indicadores usuais. Utilizamos três testes distintos de cointegração usando as séries de despesas e receitas governamentais, visando checar a solvência da dívida pública. Os resultados não mostram evidências empíricas de que a dívida pública é solvente em longo prazo. Por fim, com base na aplicação do modelo fatorial dinâmico (MFD), foi feita a previsão das receitas e das despesas do governo central para um horizonte de previsão de 36 meses. Verificou-se que o resultado primário pode sofrer grave deterioração, uma vez que os valores preditos até agosto de 2018 tendem a diminuir em relação às receitas, enquanto para as despesas a tendência é de crescimento. Isso implica mais um fator de restrição à sustentabilidade e à solvência da dívida pública. This study aims to examine the sustainability of the Brazilian public indebtedness using different approaches. Based on the analysis of the conditioning factors of net debt of the public sector (DLSP) in the period 2002-2014, there seems to be a change in fiscal regime between 2011 and 2014 compared to the previous period from 2002 to 2010. We propose to include Petrobras, Eletrobras and the remains payable into the DLSP. The result indicates that the difference between net debt and gross displays a sensible reduction. We apply three different cointegration tests in the series of government revenue and expenditure in order to check the sustainability of public debt. The results show no empirical evidence that public debt is long-term solvent. Finally, based on the dynamic factor model one forecasts the revenues and expenditures of the central government for 36 months ahead. It was found that the primary outcome may suffer serious deterioration since from September 2015 to August 2018 the values predicted shows a decrease in revenues while the trend for expenses is growing. This implies a further limiting factor to the sustainability and solvency of public debt.

Suggested Citation

  • Mário Jorge Mendonça & Tito Belchior Moreira & Luis Alberto Medrano & Joaquim Ramalho, 2016. "Revisitando a Sustentabilidade do Endividamento Público no Brasil," Discussion Papers 2199, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2199
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