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Evolução Recente da Dívida Estadual

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  • Mônica Mora

Abstract

Um novo ciclo de endividamento estadual, iniciado em 2008, ocorreu fundamentalmente por meio de operações de crédito contraídas com instituições externas e bancos federais. Este processo não implicou uma deterioração expressiva da relação dívida consolidada líquida (DCL)/receita corrente líquida (RCL) na média do Brasil, mas tampouco criou espaço para uma melhora mais acentuada desta relação, que, na ausência do novo ciclo, seria da ordem de 0,92, contra a relação de 1,12 efetivamente observada. Argumenta-se que fatores macroeconômicos exógenos aos governos estaduais foram determinantes para a trajetória descendente da dívida no início da década de 2000, criando as condições necessárias, mas não suficientes, para o novo ciclo. Sustenta-se que este processo foi possível ao ser endossado pelo governo federal. Este texto visa tratar uma lacuna na literatura, ao apresentar a evolução recente do endividamento das Unidades da Federação (UFs). O trabalho está estruturado em seis seções. Após a introdução, a seção 2 destina-se a descrever o arcabouço institucional. Na seção subsequente, os três principais programas de refinanciamento da dívida estadual serão abordados. Na seção seguinte, apresenta-se a evolução recente do endividamento, com ênfase nos mecanismos utilizados pelos governos estaduais para se financiar, os principais credores e o papel desempenhado pela legislação sobre o tema. Por fim, a quinta seção trata do endividamento por UF. As considerações finais sintetizam o ciclo recente de endividamento, extraindo os denominadores comuns aos estados e integrando-os com o crescimento do endividamento estadual em termos agregados. A new state debt cycle occurred mainly through external and contracted credit operations with federal banks from 2008, after a long period with few loans and debt stock fall. It is argued that exogenous macroeconomic factors were essential in the downward trend of the debt in the early 2000s, creating the necessary conditions (but not sufficient) for the new cycle. It is argued that this process was endorsed by the federal government. This process did not result in a significant deterioration of the relationship DCL/RCL average Brazil, but did not create space for a sharper drop of the relationship between DCL and RCL (which, in the absence of new cycle would be about 0.92 against the relationship of 1.12 actually observed). This text aims to address a lacuna in the literature by presenting the recent state debt evolution and is divided into six sections. After the introduction, there will be a section dedicated to describing the institutional framework. In a subsequent act, the three major state debt refinancing programs will be addressed. In the following section, the recent debt, with emphasis on mechanisms used by state governments to finance, the main creditors and the role of legislation on the subject. Finally, the fifth section deals with debt by state. The concluding remarks summarize the recent state debt cycle, extracting the common denominators to the states and integrating them with the growth of state debt in aggregate terms.

Suggested Citation

  • Mônica Mora, 2016. "Evolução Recente da Dívida Estadual," Discussion Papers 2185, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2185
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