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Carga Aérea e Competitividade da Indústria Brasileira

Author

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  • José Tavares de Araujo Junior

Abstract

O texto para discussão discute o papel da carga aérea como instrumento de competição na indústria brasileira, a partir de um levantamento da pauta de comércio exterior do país, desagregada por capítulos do Sistema Harmonizado (SH), comparando as parcelas de carga aérea com as de outras economias. A análise foi realizada em duas etapas. A primeira identificou as semelhanças e diferenças entre o perfil de carga aérea do comércio exterior brasileiro e o de economias selecionadas. A segunda examinou a evolução das exportações e importações brasileiras nos capítulos que acompanharam os padrões contemporâneos quanto ao uso de carga aérea, e nos que revelaram um comportamento divergente. A comparação com os indicadores de outras economias demonstrou que inúmeras firmas brasileiras se comportam de acordo com as previsões da teoria econômica, embora existam importantes disparidades de desempenho entre diferentes segmentos da indústria. Entrevistas realizadas com alguns dos principais usuários de carga aérea revelaram que as perspectivas deste modal de transporte no Brasil não só dependem de investimentos contínuos na manutenção e ampliação dos terminais aeroportuários, mas também de uma revisão do desenho da malha aérea nacional, com foco nos vínculos com os demais países da América do Sul. The paper discusses the role of air cargo as a competitive instrument for Brazilian manufacture, examining foreign trade data broken down by chapters of the Harmonized System (HS), and comparing the share of air cargo with other economies. The analysis was performed in two steps. The first identified the similarities and differences between the air cargo profile of Brazilian foreign trade and the selected economies. The second examined the evolution of Brazilian exports and imports in the chapters that followed the contemporary standards regarding air cargo use, and those which revealed a divergent behavior. The comparison with other economies has shown that many Brazilian firms behave according to the predictions of economic theory, although there are important performance disparities between different industries. Interviews with some of the major air cargo users revealed that the prospects of this mode of transportation in Brazil not only depend on continued investment in maintenance and expansion of terminals, but also on reshaping the national air network, focusing on ties with other South American countries.

Suggested Citation

  • José Tavares de Araujo Junior, 2015. "Carga Aérea e Competitividade da Indústria Brasileira," Discussion Papers 2124, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2124
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