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Distribuição de Aglomerados Subnormais na Rede Urbana e nas Grandes Regiões Brasileiras

Author

Listed:
  • Vanessa Gapriotti Nadalin
  • Cleandro Krause
  • Vicente Correia Lima Neto

Abstract

A precariedade urbana e habitacional é heterogênea no Brasil, o que torna necessário fazer análises territoriais. Este trabalho analisa dados do Censo Demográfico 2010 relativos aos aglomerados subnormais (AS), buscando identificar comportamentos diferenciados nos municípios segundo uma rede urbana e sua inserção regional. Escolheu-se como classificação dos municípios brasileiros em rede urbana o estudo Regiões de Influência das Cidades 2007 (IBGE, 2008), ou REGIC, tendo sido encontradas quatro grandes tendências. Primeiramente, o fenômeno dos aglomerados subnormais deixou de ser tão predominantemente metropolitano como antes. Uma segunda tendência refere-se à intensificação da presença de AS nos municípios mais periféricos em áreas de abrangência de metrópoles. Uma terceira tendência é a “interiorização” dos AS, mais acentuada no Norte assim como a intensificação da presença de AS em municípios litorâneos do Sudeste e do Nordeste. Uma quarta tendência é a ocorrência expressiva de AS em diversos níveis de uma mesma rede de influência de metrópole. A identificação destas tendências, ao mesmo tempo que adiciona complexidade à análise da precariedade urbana e habitacional, serve como insumo à busca da promoção do desenvolvimento urbano com igualdade regional e espacial. Deficiencies of housing and urban infrastructures are heterogeneous in Brazil, making territorial analyses necessary. In this article we analyze data of the 2010 Census regarding “aglomerados subnormais” (AS), a national classification of census tracts that generally correspond to slums. We try to identify different behaviors taking into account the occurrence of AS in municipalities according to their position in the urban network, as well as their regional insertion. Using the classification of municipalities of Regiões de Influência das Cidades 2007, a study by the national statistical office (IBGE), we find four trends. Firstly, the phenomenon of AS in 2010 is not as predominantly metropolitan as it was ten years before. A second trend refers to the intensification of the presence of AS in municipalities on the outskirts of metropolises. The third trend is a move of AS towards the country’s hinterland, more accentuated in the North, while the presence of AS increases in municipalities in the coast of the Southeast and the Northeast. The fourth trend is the finding that AS are present in “networks of influence” of metropolises, comprising chains of centers at different levels. The identification of such trends adds complexity to the analysis of slums, and serves as an input to policies aimed at the urban development with regional and spatial equity.

Suggested Citation

  • Vanessa Gapriotti Nadalin & Cleandro Krause & Vicente Correia Lima Neto, 2014. "Distribuição de Aglomerados Subnormais na Rede Urbana e nas Grandes Regiões Brasileiras," Discussion Papers 2012, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2012
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