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Price Discovery no Mercado de Câmbio Brasileiro: O Preço é Formado no Mercado à Vista ou Futuro?

Author

Listed:
  • Francisco Eduardo de Luna Almeida Santos
  • Márcio Gomes Pinto Garcia
  • Marcelo Cunha Medeiros

Abstract

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a descoberta de preços no mercado cambial brasileiro e indicar qual dos mercados (à vista ou futuro) se ajusta mais rapidamente à chegada de novas informações. Utilizando-se dados em alta frequência entre janeiro de 2008 e junho de 2013, estimaram-se as seguintes medidas de descoberta de preços: Information Share (IS), Component Share (CS) e Price Discovery Efficiency Loss (PDEL). Concluiu-se que o mercado futuro domina a descoberta de preços, uma vez que responde por 66,2% da variação do preço comum e por 97,4% de sua composição. A medida dinâmica indica que o mercado futuro também é o mais eficiente, haja vista que, quando os mercados estão sujeitos a um choque unitário no preço comum, ele atinge o equilíbrio de forma mais rápida. Quando se divide a amostra por semestre, os valores de price Discovery confirmam a dominância do mercado futuro em todas as subamostras. Desequilíbrios entre oferta e demanda no mercado à vista, intervenções do Banco Central do Brasil (BCB) e pressão de investidores institucionais externos no mercado futuro são potenciais fatores explicativos para as variações das medidas de price discovery entre semestres. This study aims to analyze price discovery in the foreign exchange market in Brazil and indicate which market (spot or futures) adjusts more quickly to the arrival of new information. Using high frequency data from January/2008 to June/2013, we estimate the following price discovery metrics: Information Share (IS), Component Share (CS) and Price Discovery Efficiency Loss (PDEL). We find that futures market dominates price discovery since it responds for 66.2% of the variation in the fundamental price shock and for 97.4% of the fundamental price composition. In a dynamic perspective, futures market is also more efficient since, when markets are subjected to a shock in the fundamental price, it is faster to recover to equilibrium. We also investigated whether results are robust to sub-samples. When we break in sub-samples by semester, price discovery figures confirm futures dominance in all sub-samples. Spot market offer-demand disequilibrium, central bank interventions and external institutional investors’ pressure in the futures market emerge as potential explanatory factors to the variation in price discovery metrics between semesters.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Eduardo de Luna Almeida Santos & Márcio Gomes Pinto Garcia & Marcelo Cunha Medeiros, 2014. "Price Discovery no Mercado de Câmbio Brasileiro: O Preço é Formado no Mercado à Vista ou Futuro?," Discussion Papers 1976, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1976
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