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Modelando a Demanda de Crédito Para Veículos no Brasil: Uma Abordagem com Mudança de Regime

Author

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  • Mário Jorge Mendonça
  • Adolfo Sachsida

Abstract

Este estudo tem como objetivo estudar a demanda de crédito para veículos no Brasil. Com base no modelo com mudança de regime tipo Markov-Switching (MS), estimou-se uma função de demanda usando dados mensais agregados de outubro de 2000 a dezembro de 2012. Os resultados mostraram que a demanda por financiamento esteve sujeita a três estados distintos durante este período. O primeiro deles marca o estado em que o crédito foi determinado pelos fundamentos de mercado, sendo que o período em que ele mais se destacou foi um ciclo de forte e contínua expansão do crédito, que aconteceu entre 2004 e 2008. A este regime segue-se um estado relacionado à fase recessiva do ciclo de crédito fortemente influenciado pela crise econômica. O terceiro regime, que acorre num único ciclo entre dezembro de 2008 e outubro de 2010, aconteceu em decorrência das medidas anticíclicas adotadas pelo Banco Central do Brasil (BCB) e governo federal, com o intuito de mitigar os efeitos da crise. Estas medidas promoveram a expansão do crédito de modo artificial, levando a um processo de formação de bolha que culminou com a necessidade da introdução das chamadas medidas macroprudenciais, de modo mais incisivo a partir de dezembro de 2010, quando já havia em curso uma tendência de contínuo aumento da inadimplência. This study aims to analyse the demand for credit in Brazilian market for vehicles. Based on the Markov Switching model to dealing with regime change, we estimate a demand function using aggregated monthly data from Oct./2000 to Dec./2012. The results showed that the demand for credit was subject to three distinct states during this period. The first one marks the state where the credit was determined by the market fundamentals. This regime most appeared from 2004 to 2008 in which one perceives a cycle of continued and strong expansion of credit. After it follows one state strongly influenced by the economic crisis occurred in the beginning of 2008. In this period there was a great fall in credit. The third regime that rushes in a single cycle between Dec./2008 Oct./2010 happened as a result of countercyclical measures adopted by the Central Bank and the Federal Government with the aim of mitigating the effects of the economic crisis. Such measures promoted the quickly expansion of credit leading to the process of bubble formation in market for vehicles that led to the need for the introduction of so-called macro prudential measures by the Central Bank when there was already an ongoing trend of continuous increase in default.

Suggested Citation

  • Mário Jorge Mendonça & Adolfo Sachsida, 2014. "Modelando a Demanda de Crédito Para Veículos no Brasil: Uma Abordagem com Mudança de Regime," Discussion Papers 1960, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1960
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