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Democracia e Desenvolvimento no Brasil Contemporâneo: Conflitos e Articulação de Interesses no Projeto São Francisco

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Rita Loureiro
  • Marco Antonio C. Teixeira
  • Alberto Ferreira

Abstract

O trabalho examina os arranjos institucionais que organizam as arenas de formulação e efetivação de políticas de desenvolvimento no Brasil, indagando se tais políticas estão configurando processos decisórios mais democráticos, com a inclusão de uma pluralidade maior de atores, e se, ao mesmo tempo, estão ampliando novas capacidades estatais, isto é, tornando as burocracias mais aptas a levar a cabo os objetivos propostos. Tendo como objeto empírico o projeto de transposição das águas do rio São Francisco, são enfocadas, em particular, nesta análise, as relações estabelecidas entre a burocracia governamental e os demais atores políticos. Os dados selecionados para o estudo mostram que, apesar das dificuldades técnicas e políticas para a implantação desse projeto, ainda não totalmente superadas, duas ordens de inovações institucionais podem ser destacadas. A primeira refere-se aos novos instrumentos de monitoramento e gestão (comitês gestores, salas de situação etc.) que têm permitido reduzir os gargalos ou entraves administrativos. A segunda aponta um possível novo padrão de relação entre Estado e sociedade aí estabelecido, uma vez que elas não se caracterizam apenas pelas velhas gramáticas políticas do clientelismo ou insulamento burocrático (ainda que presentes) mas também se pautam por maior compartilhamento de decisões. This paper examines the institutional arrangements that organize the arenas of formulation and implementation of development policies in Brazil, asking if such policies are setting up more democratic decision-making processes with the inclusion of a larger number of actors and at the same time if they are enhancing new State capabilities, that is, making the bureaucracy more able to undertake the purposes of the policies? The analysis of these arrangements is focused in particular on the relations established between bureaucracy and other political actors. The selected data for the study refer to the project of transposition of the São Francisco River Waters and show that despite the technical and political difficulties for its implementation, not yet fully overcome, two order of institutional innovations may be highlighted. The first refers to the new monitoring instruments and management (committees, “situation rooms” etc.) that have reduced administrative barriers or bottlenecks. The second points out a possible new pattern of relationship between State and society: they are not characterized only by old political patronage grammars or bureaucratic insulation (which are still present), but also uphold greater sharing of decisions.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Rita Loureiro & Marco Antonio C. Teixeira & Alberto Ferreira, 2013. "Democracia e Desenvolvimento no Brasil Contemporâneo: Conflitos e Articulação de Interesses no Projeto São Francisco," Discussion Papers 1883, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1883
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