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Desenvolvimentos Institucionais Recentes no Setor de Telecomunicações no Brasil

Author

Listed:
  • Rodrigo Abdalla Filgueiras de Sousa
  • Nathalia Almeida de Souza
  • Luís Claudio Kubota

Abstract

Este artigo analisa a evolução do sistema de regulação no setor de telecomunicações brasileiro, incorporando importantes eventos que ocorreram desde a privatização, mas que ainda não foram completamente avaliados. Com base na metodologia desenvolvida por Levy e Spiller (1993, 1994, 1996), o artigo examina tanto a estrutura de governança quanto o modelo de incentivos do contexto institucional. Pelas evidências apresentadas, pode-se inferir que o Brasil tem uma sólida estrutura de governança para o sistema regulatório, uma vez que sua estabilidade vem prevalecendo sobre mudanças políticas causadas pela alternância de governos. Esta parece ser, portanto, uma das razões que explicam o fluxo contínuo de investimento no setor realizado por empresas privadas desde 1998. O modelo de incentivos, ao contrário, passou por crescentes tensões entre instituições dentro do próprio governo federal. A falta de diretrizes e políticas para o setor e a ausência de coordenação entre agentes formalmente constituídos foram o primeiro problema encontrado. A segunda questão refere-se à proliferação de novos agentes nos governos recentes, resultando na implementação de políticas, muitas vezes, divergentes entre si. Tal fato é agravado pela inexistência de ordenamento legal para as atividades executadas por vários destes agentes. Dado que o modelo de incentivos afeta o nível de eficiência do sistema regulatório, conclui-se, portanto, que a instabilidade observada pode ser um dos principais fatores que explicam o baixo desempenho das atividades regulatórias, o qual propicia que as falhas naturais de mercado sejam ainda mais visíveis no Brasil. This article analyzed the evolution of the regulatory system in the telecommunications sector in Brazil, incorporating important events that have been taking place since privatization, but have not been fully evaluated. Following the framework developed by Levy and Spiller (1993, 1994, 1996), the paper examined both governance structure and incentive model of the institutional context. From the evidences presented, it may be inferred that Brazil has a solid governance structure for the regulatory system. The stability of regulatory governance prevailed over political changes caused by government alternation, and this may be one reason of the continuous flow of investments from private parties in the sector since 1998. The incentive model, on the contrary, suffered from increasing tensions from institutions inside the federal administration. Lack of directives and policies for the sector, and absence of coordination between agents formally constituted were the first problem detected. A second issue was the proliferation of new agents in the recent governments, even without legal commandment, implementing divergent policies. As incentive model affects efficiency of the regulatory system, observed instability might be one of the key factors for the low performance of regulatory activities, permitting natural market failures to be more noticeable.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodrigo Abdalla Filgueiras de Sousa & Nathalia Almeida de Souza & Luís Claudio Kubota, 2013. "Desenvolvimentos Institucionais Recentes no Setor de Telecomunicações no Brasil," Discussion Papers 1874, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1874
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