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Conferências Nacionais: Ampliando e Redefinindo os Padrões de Participação Social no Brasil

Author

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  • Leonardo Avritzer

Abstract

As conferências nacionais se tornaram a mais importante e abrangente política participativa do Brasil. O país desenvolve uma tradição de conferências nacionais desde o início dos anos 1940, quando o governo Vargas convocou uma primeira conferência nacional de saúde. Mais recentemente, a partir de 1988, as formas de participação da sociedade civil previstas pela Constituição nas áreas de saúde e assistência social levaram à institucionalização das conferências nacionais. No entanto, o grande impulso conferido às conferências nacionais ocorreu depois de 2003, com a eleição de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva para presidente. Nos últimos 20 anos, 80 delas foram realizadas: 21 na área da saúde; 20 relacionadas aos temas das minorias; 6 relativas ao meio ambiente; 22 a respeito da economia, do Estado e do desenvolvimento; 17 sobre educação, cultura e assistência social; e 11 sobre direitos humanos. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa nacional, realizada em julho de 2011, a partir de uma amostra de 2.200 respondentes. Seus resultados mostram que o padrão de participação inclusiva que surgiu ao nível local, no Brasil, está se expandindo para o nível nacional. Palavras-chave: Conferências nacionais, participação, deliberação, efetividade. National conferences became the most important participatory policy at the national level in Brazil. Brazil has had a tradition of national conferences since the early 40`s when Vargas government called a national health conference. Since 1988 the forms of civil society participation envisioned by the Constitution in the areas of health and social assistance led to the institutionalization of national conferences. However, the great boost of national conferences took place after 2003 with the election of Luiz Ignacio Lula da Silva for president. In the last 20 years 80 national conferences took plac in the following areas: 21 in health related issues; 20 in minority related themes; 6 in environment themes; 22 on State, economy and development; 17 on education, culture and social assistance; and 11 on human rights. These paper show the finding of a national survey applied in July 2011 on a sample of 2,200 people. Its results show that the pattern of inclusive participation that emerged at the local level in Brazil is expanding to the national level. Keywords: National conferences, participation, deliberation, effectiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Leonardo Avritzer, 2012. "Conferências Nacionais: Ampliando e Redefinindo os Padrões de Participação Social no Brasil," Discussion Papers 1739, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1739
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