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Comércio Internacional e Integração Produtiva: Uma Análise dos Fluxos Comerciais dos Países da ALADI

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  • Martha Castilho

Abstract

Apesar do vigoroso crescimento do comércio exterior dos países da Associação Latino-Americana de Integração (Aladi) nos anos 2000, a inserção desses países nas redes globais de valor é relativamente baixa, refletindo em grande parte a especialização desses países em bens intensivos em recursos naturais. Em geral, o peso de partes, componentes e bens de capital no comércio total dos países da região é fraco, o que evidencia uma baixa participação da Aladi nas cadeias produtivas globais. Ademais, tal inserção se dá, sobretudo, como demandantes desses bens para a produção ou montagem de bens finais voltados para o mercado interno ou externo. Os indicadores referentes ao peso de partes, componentes e bens de capital no comércio intrarregional, embora mais elevado do que na relação com parceiros comerciais extrarregionais, revelam fraca integração produtiva regional. Eles sugerem a existência de incipiente articulação produtiva entre os países da Aladi, porém incomparavelmente menor do que a observada nos países asiáticos e insuficiente para fortalecer a competitividade internacional dos produtos made in Aladi. Despite the strong growth of the Latin American foreign trade in the 2000s, the integration of these countries in the global production and trade networks is relatively weak, what largely reflects these countries` specialization on goods intensive in natural resources. In general, the share of capital goods and intermediate goods, particularly, parts and components, in Aladi total trade is small, which reveals a low participation of these countries in global production chains. These goods are more important in imports than in exports, evidencing that their low integration is, furthermore, characterized by the consumption of these goods in order to product or assembly final goods targeted to internal or external markets. The indicators of the share of parts, components and capital goods in intra-regional trade, although higher than in extra-regional trade, evidence a low regional production integration. They suggest the existence of an incipient productive articulation between

Suggested Citation

  • Martha Castilho, 2012. "Comércio Internacional e Integração Produtiva: Uma Análise dos Fluxos Comerciais dos Países da ALADI," Discussion Papers 1705, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1705
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