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Estimativas Econométricas Para as Importações Agregadas com Dados das Contas Nacionais Trimestrais - 1996-20101

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  • Raphael Rocha Gouvêa
  • Bernardo Patta Schettini

Abstract

Este artigo mostra estimativas econométricas inéditas para a função de importações agregadas brasileiras. Além da relação básica que inclui a renda e o preço relativo e identifica uma equação de demanda (modelo canônico), procurou-se explorar os pronunciados comovimentos entre as importações totais, o consumo das famílias e a formação bruta de capital (modelo alternativo). O trabalho inova também ao utilizar os dados das contas nacionais trimestrais e ao investigar de forma exaustiva, e por técnicas distintas - cointegração com quebra, regressões com alternância entre regimes markovianos e estimações via filtro de Kalman de parâmetros variáveis -, a ocorrência de instabilidade paramétrica. Há evidências de não linearidades tanto nos processos geradores das séries individualmente como nas equações de importações. A evolução das importações está fortemente relacionada com a renda interna e a composição da absorção doméstica, sendo que a influência da taxa de câmbio se mostrou pequena. Cabe notar que, na avaliação fora da amostra, os vetores de longo prazo apresentaram bom desempenho apenas para o modelo alternativo, enquanto as representações de correção de erros do modelo canônico obtiveram os melhores resultados, estando esta diferença possivelmente relacionada às distintas velocidades de ajustamento na direção da solução de longo prazo. This paper shows new econometric estimates for the Brazilian function of aggregate imports. Besides the basic relation, which includes income and relative price and identifies a demand equation (canonic model), we explore the pronounced co-movements between total imports, household consumption and gross fixed capital formation (alternative model). Using Quarterly National Accounts data is an innovation of the paper, as well as the investigation of parametric instability by different techniques - cointegration with structural breaks, markovswitching regressions, and Kalman filter estimations of varying parameters. There is evidence of nonlinearities in data generating processes for each series as well as in the imports equations. The evolution of imports is strongly related to income and the composition of the domestic absorption, being small the exchange rate impact. It should be noted that, in the out-ofsample assessment, the long-run vectors exhibited good performance only for the alternative model, while the error correction representations for the canonic model obtained the best results, possibly due to the different speeds of adjustment towards the long-run solution.

Suggested Citation

  • Raphael Rocha Gouvêa & Bernardo Patta Schettini, 2011. "Estimativas Econométricas Para as Importações Agregadas com Dados das Contas Nacionais Trimestrais - 1996-20101," Discussion Papers 1683, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1683
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    Cited by:

    1. Lucas dos Santos Lourenço & Claudio Roberto Fóffano Vasconcelos, 2019. "Impacts of exchange rate non-linearity on Brazilian foreign trade," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 16(4), pages 679-699, October.

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