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O Benefício Infantil Universal: Uma Proposta de Unificação do Apoio Monetário á Infância

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  • Pedro Herculano Guimarães Ferreira de Souza
  • Sergei Suarez Dillon Soares

Abstract

Neste texto, examinamos o atual arranjo de benefícios monetários para crianças com 15 anos ou menos, que é composto no Brasil pelo benefício variável do Programa Bolsa Família, pelo salário-família e pela dedução para dependente menor de 16 anos no pagamento do Imposto de Renda Pessoa Física. Cada um destes é analisado do ponto de vista do valor do benefício, sua cobertura, sua focalização e seu custo fiscal. Concluímos que o sistema atual é fragmentado, sem coordenação entre benefícios que são parcialmente superpostos, exclui quase um terço das crianças e transfere valores maiores para crianças mais ricas. Propomos substituir o atual sistema por um único Benefício Infantil Universal. Com os recursos gastos no sistema atual seria possível outorgar um benefício de R$ 14,62 para todas as crianças com menos de 16 anos no Brasil. A complementação orçamentária para que este valor chegue a R$ 25,00, o que não deixaria nenhuma criança pobre com menos renda que no sistema atual, seria de R$ 6,4 bilhões, o que equivale a 0,2% do produto interno bruto (PIB) de 2009. This text examines the present monetary transfer setup for children aged 15 or less in Brazil. This setup is today composed of Bolsa Família`s variable benefit, the Salário Família, and the child deduction in our Personal Income Tax. We analyze the value of each of the above benefits, as well as their coverage, targeting, and fiscal cost. We conclude that the present system is fragmented, is uncoordinated, excludes 1/3 of our children, and transfers higher values to wealthier children. We propose its substitution by a single Universal Child Benefit. The resources devoted to the present system could fund a R$ 14,62 benefit to all children under 16 in Brazil. The additional budgetary outlay for this benefit to reach R$ 25 - which would leave poor children no worse off than today - would be about R$ 6,4 billion, which amounts to about 0,2% of 2009 GDP.

Suggested Citation

  • Pedro Herculano Guimarães Ferreira de Souza & Sergei Suarez Dillon Soares, 2011. "O Benefício Infantil Universal: Uma Proposta de Unificação do Apoio Monetário á Infância," Discussion Papers 1636, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1636
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