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Liberação do Comércio de Serviços: O Caso do Setor de Telecomunicações no Brasil

Author

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  • Pedro Miranda
  • Guida Piani

Abstract

Este trabalho descreve o processo de liberalização comercial no setor de telecomunicações executado a partir de meados dos anos 1990 e avalia como essa medida, que propiciou ao capital estrangeiro uma participação importante no controle das operadoras, associada ao programa de privatização, afetou o desempenho e a estrutura de mercado desta atividade. Como resultado os investimentos passaram de 5,2% da formação bruta de capital em 1996 para 10% em 2001 e posteriormente decresceram, atingindo em torno de 3% em 2009, com investimentos diretos estrangeiros (IDSs) de US$ 41 bilhões. O número de acessos em serviços, entre 1996 e 2009, aumentou na telefonia fixa de 14 milhões para 41 milhões; na telefonia móvel, de 3 milhões para 174 milhões; e na banda larga, de 1 mil para 11 milhões. No período 2005-2009, ocorreu uma queda no preço real de cerca de 7%. No entanto, nem todos os objetivos foram alcançados, principalmente no nível de competição entre as operadoras. This paper describes the process of trade liberalization in the telecommunications industry implemented from the mid-1990s and examines how such a measure, which allowed foreign capital an important role in the control of operators, associated with the privatization program affected the performance and structure market this activity. As a result the investments increased from 5.2% of gross capital formation in 1996 to 10% in 2001, then decreased reaching around 3% in 2009, with foreign direct investment of US$ 41 billion. The number of accesses in services between 1996 and 2009 has increased in fixed telephony 14 million for 41 million, in mobile telephony 3 million to 174 million and in broadband 1 000 to 11 million. In the period 2005- 2009, there was a fall in the real price of around 7%. However, not all goals were achieved mainly at the level of competition among operators.

Suggested Citation

  • Pedro Miranda & Guida Piani, 2011. "Liberação do Comércio de Serviços: O Caso do Setor de Telecomunicações no Brasil," Discussion Papers 1599, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1599
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