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"É Possível , mas Agora Não" A Democratização da Justiça no Cotidiano dos Advogados Populares

Author

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  • Fábio de Sá e Silva

Abstract

Este texto busca examinar a qualidade democrática da justiça brasileira - ou seja, a sua permeabilidade aos interesses e expectativas dos mais diversos grupos sociais, sobretudo os mais pobres ou desfavorecidos - tomando como base narrativas de "advogados populares" acerca de sua relação com o sistema de justiça. Por advogados populares entenda-se um segmento organizado da advocacia brasileira que se dedica ao apoio jurídico a movimentos sociais e, como consta da própria designação utilizada por seus integrantes, à defesa de "causas populares". A pesquisa de fundo deste texto abordou apenas aqueles advogados populares que trabalham com públicos envolvidos em lutas por terra: sem terras, quilombolas e indígenas. Como achados principais, o texto relaciona três tensões que obtiveram maior destaque na fala dos entrevistados: uma em torno da "definição do direito aplicável", a qual diz respeito ao desconhecimento ou à desconsideração de vários elementos do direito positivo favoráveis a esses grupos ou populações; outra em torno da "parcialidade da justiça", que diz respeito aos vínculos orgânicos ou interesses diretos de seus quadros nas questões que eles têm por ofício examinar; e uma terceira, associada às relações de poder e hierarquia que subsistem nas profissões jurídicas e se refletem mesmo em preconceito, no âmbito da justiça, contra aqueles que se engajam na advocacia popular. Ao final, o texto discute as implicações de longo prazo de seu exercício analítico e de seus achados, para os debates e proposições voltadas à democratização da justiça. "People`s lawyers" constitute an organized segment of the Brazilian bar that provides legal assistance to social movements and, as it is said in the very way this population designates itself, advocates for the causes "of the people". This article discusses whether the Brazilian justice system is permeable to the interests and expectations of the various social groups, especially the poor and disadvantaged. To do so, the article examines i. The versions in English of the abstracts of this series have not been edited by Ipea,s editorial department. As versões em língua inglesa das sinopses (abstracts) desta coleção não são objeto de revisão pelo Editorial do Ipea. narratives about the everyday experiences of so-called "people`s lawyers" within the justice system, with a special focus on lawyers who advocate for groups involved in struggles for land - the landless, the z, and the indigenous peoples. As its main findings, the article presents three crucial tensions that "people`s lawyers" face and that were more salient in the data analysis. One gravitates around the "definition of the applicable law", and refers to what lawyers consider to be an unawareness of or a disregard for legal rules that are favorable to their client groups by justice officials. Another tension gravitates around "biases" in the justice system, and refers to the perception, among "people`s lawyers", that justice officials have strong links or common interests with the issues or actors that they are supposed to be ruling against, such as big landowners. The last one refers to the relationships of power and hierarchy that subsist in the Brazilian legal profession and amount to actual prejudice against "people`s lawyers" within the bar. In light of these findings, the article argues that the democratization of the justice system is an integral part of the structure of opportunities for the development of public interest law advocacy, and suggests an academic and political agenda around that issue in Brazil.

Suggested Citation

  • Fábio de Sá e Silva, 2011. ""É Possível , mas Agora Não" A Democratização da Justiça no Cotidiano dos Advogados Populares," Discussion Papers 1567, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1567
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