Zugänge von Jugendlichen in den SGB-II-Leistungsbezug - gelingt es diesen auch wieder zu verlassen?

"Between 2015 and 2023, approximately 220,000 young people aged 15 to under 25 received benefits under the German Social Code Book II (SGB II) for the first time in Baden-Württemberg. This report examines the subsequent employment biographies of these young people after they first entered the SGB II system. Around two-thirds of these individuals are initially not required to actively search for a job due to their specific circumstances (according to the provisions of § 10 of the SGB II). Half of all the new recipients initially receive benefits for more than 14 months, and a quarter for at least 31 months. Only five to eleven percent succeed in ending their initial benefit entitlement by taking up employment subject to social security contributions or vocational training. It is far more likely that they either take up employment that does not cover their needs or that their benefit entitlement ends without them taking up employment or vocational training. However, the analyses also show that individuals who first enter the SGB II system under § 10 and do not have a vocational degree at that time, subsequently begin vocational training. This is especially true if they already have a school leaving certificate. Successful completion of this training is a crucial requisite for their further labour market integration. Our analysis reveals a particular need for improving the support for women, who comprise approximately 50 percent of all new entrants. They fare significantly worse than men in all transitions out of the SGB II system. Refugees also find it particularly difficult to find employment which provides a wage which covers their (and the people living in their households) minimum needs. Transitions into vocational training are also less frequent for them. However, their length of stay plays a significant role here, and the likelihood of securing employment or vocational training often increases with longer residency. The cluster analysis of longer-term employment bibliographies identified, on the one hand, labour market trajectories with a high risk of becoming permanently dependent on benefits, and on the other hand, those showing signs of sustainable integration into employment or vocational training and independent financial security. Unlike the initial transition, the proportion of transitions that provide a living wage is considerably higher in the long term. However, the analysis of long-term employment biographies also shows that only a subgroup of the young successfully integrate into the labour market." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))