Digital Transformation and University Management in Developing Countries: A Literature Review and Analytical Framework for the Malagasy Context[Transformation numérique et gestion universitaire dans les pays en développement : une revue de littérature et un cadre d'analyse pour le contexte malgache]

This paper presents a literature review on digital transformation in university management, with a particular focus on developing countries and the Malagasy context. Through a thematic analysis of recent literature, four structuring dimensions are identified: digital transformation as an organizational process, university management practices, technology appropriation by stakeholders, and institutional digital governance. The analysis shows that existing literature, still largely rooted in Western contexts, gives little attention to African and Malagasy realities. We propose an analytical framework that articulates these four dimensions, designed for studying digital transformation in universities of developing countries. This framework will serve as the theoretical foundation for an ongoing doctoral research project conducted at the University of Mahajanga (Madagascar).