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CO2 emissions from international shipping: Brown owners versus brown flags

Author

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  • Pierre Cariou

    (World Maritime University - Malmö Högskola = Malmö University, Euromed Marseille - École de management - Association Euromed Management - Marseille)

  • François-Charles Wolff

    (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - IEMN-IAE Nantes - Institut d'Économie et de Management de Nantes - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - UN - Université de Nantes)

Abstract

This paper estimates the annual CO2 emissions by international shipping over the 2007-2009 period. Once controlling for the recent changes in activity levels in international trade, we evidence a slow-down of the total volume emitted in 2009. Using an exhaustive dataset of the world fleet, we provide international rankings in CO2 emissions both by country of ownership and by flag of registry of vessels. We finally study how, through flagging-out, most ship-owners from developed countries are implicitly exporting a share of their CO2 emissions under foreign flags. This suggests that a system based on taxes or quotas to be applied by vessel type rather than by the country of ownership or flag of registry may be more efficient to reduce CO2 emissions in shipping.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Cariou & François-Charles Wolff, 2010. "CO2 emissions from international shipping: Brown owners versus brown flags," Working Papers hal-00472420, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-00472420
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-00472420
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