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L’économie française face aux ressources critiques

Author

Listed:
  • Tania Treibich

    (Maastricht University [Maastricht], OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

Cet article analyse les vulnérabilités de l'économie française face aux importations de matières premières critiques (MPC), en adoptant une double approche, micro-et macroéconomique. À partir de données de douanes et d'entreprises, l'étude révèle que les importations de MPC sont très concentrées, tant en termes d'entreprises importatrices que de produits et de pays d'origine. Si un petit nombre de grandes entreprises assurent l'essentiel de ces importations, leur poids dans l'économie est considérable, notamment en valeur ajoutée et en emploi. Cette granularité pose des risques systémiques en cas de rupture d'approvisionnement. L'article souligne également les limites d'une analyse agrégée, qui masque les dépendances spécifiques des firmes. Enfin, il discute des leviers de politique économique, nationale et européenne, pour renforcer la résilience et l'autonomie stratégique, à travers l'innovation, le recyclage, la diversification des sources d'approvisionnement, ou encore la coordination internationale.

Suggested Citation

  • Tania Treibich, 2026. "L’économie française face aux ressources critiques," Sciences Po Economics Publications (main) hal-05626074, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-05626074
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-05626074v1
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