Chronos vs. Kairos, when organization times struggle instead of complementing each other: risks and temporal paradoxes of organizational change[Chronos vs. Kairos, quand les temps de l'organisation s'affrontent au lieu de se compléter : risques et paradoxes temporels du changement organisationnel]

In the organization theories, the concept of time is often used as an implicit framework to estimate the concept of movement or change. However, in many disciplines, in natural sciences as in social sciences, to understand further the complexity of causalities studied, time became an explicit concept. To underline the interest of a similar approach in organization theories, we propose the case of study of a company which meets some deep organizational dysfunctions following an effort of rationalization of its activities. The discussion of the results enables us to propose that a unique perception of time in organization (Chronos) is able to limit the understanding of an organizational complexity to the point to elude one of the principal components of its balance (Kairos).