Cell theory, economics,and the Republic in the work of François-Vincent Raspail around1830[Théorie cellulaire, science économique et République dans l'œuvre de François-Vincent Raspail autour de 1830]

François-Vincent Raspail (1794–1878) was one of the leading Republican heroes of nineteenth-century France. His political involvement began just after the 1830 Revolution; he played a prominent role in the Société des amis du peuple, then in the Société des droits de l'homme. During the 1830s he spent many months in Louis-Philippe's jails. But Raspail was also a chemist and a physiologist who in 1833 published an important New Treatise on Organic Chemistry in which he put forward major advances in cell theory and the development of life. Simultaneously he founded a political newspaper, Le Réformateur, in which, in 1834–1835, he presented his plan for a general social and political reform in weekly installments. He wrote about thirteen articles "On Economic Science." I present in this paper an analysis of this completely unknown set of articles and underline the intellectual and conceptual transfers between chemistry, politics and economics in Raspail's thought around 1830.