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Digitalisation et Performance des Entreprises : Analyse Bibliométrique des Tendances, Biais et Lacunes de Recherche (2010-2024)

Author

Listed:
  • Kamal Hassou

    (FSJES Rabat)

  • Khaddouj Karim

    (ENSAM - École Nationale supérieure d’Arts et Métiers de Rabat)

Abstract

Résumé: La digitalisation transforme profondément les entreprises, mais son impact varie selon la taille et le secteur. Cette analyse bibliométrique répertorie 4 014 articles de la base de données, publiés Scopus entre 2010 et 2024 dans le but d'identifier les tendances, les biais et les lacunes de la recherche sur la digitalisation et son impact sur la performance. Les résultats montrent que 87% des études se concentrent sur les grandes entreprises, laissant les PME sous-représentées. En outre, 82 % des publications se concentrent sur les indicateurs financiers, tout en négligeant les dimensions sociales et environnementales qui sont essentielles à une transformation digitale durable. L'analyse montre une croissance significative des publications depuis 2020, avec une diversité des thèmes, en particulier autour de l'intelligence artificielle, de la cybersécurité et des critères ESG. VOSviewer et Biblioshiny ont été utilisés pour identifier les collaborations universitaires et les groupes de recherche. En revanche, les études restent géographiquement déséquilibrées, avec moins de 5 % des recherches portant sur les économies émergentes, notamment en Afrique subsaharienne. Les résultats montrent également une concentration de la recherche sur le secteur financier et l'industrie, alors que d'autres secteurs tels que l'éducation, l'agriculture, la santé et les PME manufacturières sont peu étudiés. Une tendance émergente concerne la digitalisation durable qui incorpore des technologies comme la blockchain et l'intelligence artificielle, mais ces dimensions restent marginales dans la littérature académique. Cette étude souligne la nécessité d'une approche plus inclusive et interdisciplinaire qui intègre les PME, les économies émergentes et les impacts environnementaux et sociaux. Les résultats soulignent également l'importance des politiques publiques dans la réduction des inégalités d'accès aux technologies digitales. Mots clés : Digitalisation, transformation numérique, intelligence artificielle, PME, bibliométrie. JEL Classification : O32 Type du papier : Recherche Théorique Abstract: Digitalization is profoundly transforming businesses, but its impact varies depending on size and sector. This bibliometric analysis reviews 4,014 articles from the Scopus database, published between 2010 and 2024, to identify trends, biases, and gaps in digitalization research and its impact on performance. The results show that 87% of studies focus on large enterprises, leaving SMEs underrepresented. Additionally, 82% of publications prioritize financial indicators, while neglecting social and environmental dimensions that are essential for sustainable digital transformation. The analysis reveals a significant increase in publications since 2020, with a growing diversity of themes, particularly in artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and ESG criteria. VOSviewer and Biblioshiny were used to identify academic collaborations and research clusters. However, studies remain geographically imbalanced, with less than 5% of research focusing on emerging economies, particularly Sub-Saharan Africa. The results also show a concentration of research in the financial and industrial sectors, while other fields such as education, agriculture, healthcare, and manufacturing SMEs are understudied. An emerging trend is sustainable digitalization, incorporating technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence, yet these dimensions remain marginal in academic literature. This study highlights the need for a more inclusive and interdisciplinary approach, integrating SMEs, emerging economies, and social and environmental impacts. The findings also underscore the importance of public policies in reducing inequalities in access to digital technologies. Keywords : Digitalisation, digital transformation, artificial intelligence, SMEs, bibliometrics. JEL Classification: O32 Paper type: Theoretical Research

Suggested Citation

  • Kamal Hassou & Khaddouj Karim, 2025. "Digitalisation et Performance des Entreprises : Analyse Bibliométrique des Tendances, Biais et Lacunes de Recherche (2010-2024)," Post-Print hal-05631111, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05631111
    DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15126536
    as

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    JEL classification:

    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D

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