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Cet article a pour objectif d'explorer des concepts de transfert et contretransfert aux méthodes qualitatives. Cet apport pourra ensuite servir dans la formation à la réflexivité des jeunes chercheurs. La question de la subjectivité est au centre des débats sur l'éthique. Leur but est de rester le plus neutre et le plus objectif possible. Pour cela ils ne mentionnent que rarement leur ressenti. Or la prise en compte des émotions et des effets de déformation du terrain est un point central de la recherche. La subjectivité est-elle un frein pour la recherche enlevant la « scientificité » de la récolte des données et de leur analyse ? Ou sa prise en compte peut -elle être un atout ? Et si tel est le cas à quelles conditions ? Des auteurs ont montré qu'une approche réflexive basée sur des apports conceptuels issus de la psychanalyse peuvent aider à prendre en considération la subjectivité. Celle-ci sert alors la recherche en devenant un support et une source de donnée à analyser. La question demeure cependant ouverte concernant la transposition de ces suggestions en un programme adapté de formation. Dans ce contexte il serait utile de confronter ces suggestions aux difficultés et techniques utilisées pour amorcer une démarche réflexive par les jeunes chercheurs. Pour cela une analyse de leurs carnets de thèse et d'entretien basée sur la méthode du récit apportera un appui empirique à la réflexion., This (article) aims to explore psychanalyses concepts and qualitative method in training young researcher about their reflexivity. The question about researcher subjectivity is in the center of debates about ethical issues. To behave ethically, researchers must be (as neutral as) possible to stay objective. To do that, they rarely mention their feelings. Nevertheless, considering researcher's emotional states, effects ground's deformation is a key point of research. Does subjectivity always stop the scientific nature of research during data collection and their analysis? Or considering subjectivity can (it) be an advantage for research? And if so, what are the boundaries conditions? Authors showed that reflexive approach based on conceptual contribution of psychoanalysis which are transference and countertransference can help researchers to take in consideration their subjectivity to turn it into a data resource. Questions remains about the transposition of this practical suggestions into an appropriate programmed training for young researchers. In this context, it will be useful to confront these suggestions with difficulties and technics used by young researchers to improve and manage their subjectivity analyzing their notebook according to storytelling methods.
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