Author
Abstract
Résumé : Dans un environnement économique marqué par l'incertitude, la concurrence accrue et la transformation numérique, la question de la gestion des risques opérationnels devient cruciale pour la pérennité des entreprises marocaines. Les très petites, petites et moyennes entreprises (TPME), qui constituent le pilier de l'économie nationale, sont particulièrement vulnérables aux perturbations financières, technologiques et organisationnelles. Notre étude s'inscrit dans cette dynamique en cherchant à comprendre dans quelle mesure la gestion des risques opérationnels influence la performance financière des TPME marocaines. La problématique repose sur la nécessité d'évaluer l'efficacité des pratiques de gouvernance, de gestion de trésorerie, de maîtrise des processus, de capital humain et de cybersécurité, dans un contexte où la formalisation de la gestion du risque demeure encore limitée. Sur le plan méthodologique, la recherche adopte une approche quantitative, fondée sur un raisonnement hypothético-déductif et une perspective épistémologique positiviste. Les données ont été recueillies par un questionnaire structuré et analysées à l'aide de la modélisation par équations structurelles (PLS-SEM) à travers le logiciel SmartPLS. L'échantillon initial comprenait 147 entreprises contactées, dont 117 réponses valides ont été exploitées. Les résultats empiriques mettent en évidence une contribution notable des dimensions stratégique, financière, opérationnelle et technologique du risque dans l'explication de la performance, avec un pouvoir explicatif global satisfaisant du modèle. Ils révèlent également que la gouvernance et la gestion de trésorerie constituent les leviers les plus influents, tandis que la dimension humaine demeure faiblement intégrée dans les pratiques de gestion. L'étude conclut à la nécessité de renforcer la culture du risque, de structurer les processus internes et d'intégrer les technologies de gestion sécurisée pour consolider la performance et la résilience des TPME marocaines. Mots clés : Gestion des risques opérationnels, Performance financière, TPME marocaines Classification JEL : M10, G32, L25, C30. Type du papier : Recherche empirique Abstract : In an economic environment marked by uncertainty, increased competition, and digital transformation, the issue of operational risk management is becoming crucial for the sustainability of Moroccan businesses. Very small, small, and medium-sized enterprises (VSMEs), which form the backbone of the national economy, are particularly vulnerable to financial, technological, and organizational disruptions. Our study addresses this dynamic by seeking to understand the extent to which operational risk management influences the financial performance of Moroccan VSMEs. The research question hinges on the need to assess the effectiveness of governance practices, cash management, process control, human capital, and cybersecurity, in a context where the formalization of risk management remains limited. Methodologically, this study adopts a quantitative approach based on hypothetical-deductive reasoning and a positivist epistemological perspective. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) via the SmartPLS software. The initial sample comprised 147 contacted companies, of which 117 valid responses were analyzed. The empirical results highlight a significant contribution of the strategic, financial, operational, and technological dimensions of risk in explaining performance, with the model demonstrating satisfactory overall explanatory power. They also reveal that governance and cash management are the most influential levers, while the human dimension remains poorly integrated into management practices. The study concludes that there is a need to strengthen risk culture, structure internal processes, and integrate secure management technologies to consolidate the performance and resilience of Moroccan micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). Keywords: Operational risk management, Financial performance, Moroccan SMEs JEL Classification: M10, G32, L25, C30. Paper Type: Empirical Research
Suggested Citation
Maryem Ezbiri & Lotfi Lotfi Benazzou, 2026.
"Gestion des risques opérationnels et performance financière des entreprises marocaines : une étude empirique auprès des TPE et PME,"
Post-Print
hal-05575367, HAL.
Handle:
RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05575367
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19253979
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-05575367v1
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JEL classification:
- M10 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - General
- G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
- L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
- C30 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - General
- M10 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - General
- G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
- L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
- C30 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - General
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