REENGINEERING THE FINANCE LAW IN CONTEXTS OF STATE FRAGILITY: Toward a “Resilient Finance Law” Framework Mali’s 2026 Finance Bill as an Analytical Case-Laboratory[RÉINGÉNIERIE DE LA LOI DE FINANCES EN CONTEXTES DE FRAGILITÉ ÉTATIQUE : Vers un cadre de « loi de finances résiliente » Le projet de loi de finances 2026 du Mali comme cas-laboratoire analytique]

In fragile states, the finance law remains largely designed as an instrument of macro-fiscal discipline focused on aggregate compliance, even though binding constraints relate to liquidity management, social legitimacy, and institutional vulnerability. This mismatch raises a central puzzle: how can formally disciplined finance laws generate institutionally fragile fiscal trajectories? Based on an institutional audit of Mali's 2026 Finance Bill, mobilized as an analytical case-laboratory, this article identifies recurrent structural shortcomings of conventional finance laws in fragile contexts: the dominance of treasury constraints, high expenditure rigidities, fragmentation of public investment, the absence of explicit prioritization of vital state functions, and the marginalization of systemic fiscal risks. The article introduces the Resilient Finance Law (RFL) framework, defined as an institutional device for governing under constraint, structured around three interdependent pillars: (i) budgetary and treasury sustainability, (ii) socio-political sustainability, and (iii) productive and structural sustainability.