Scientific leadership and digital leadership: interactions and the driving role of transformational leadership in the development of relational learning in the Tunisian banking sector[Leadership scientifique et leadership digital : interactions et rôle moteur du leadership transformationnel dans le développement de l'apprentissage relationnel dans le secteur bancaire tunisien]

In a context transformed by digital technologies, three forms of leadership - transformational, digital, and scientific- are emerging within organizations. These leadership styles complement one another and help strengthen learning and collaboration in Tunisian banks. The survey conducted with 150 banking managers shows that these three styles clearly enhance teams' ability to learn together and share knowledge. Three leader profiles stand out: hybrid leaders, who combine vision, technological mastery, and scientific rigor; traditional leaders, still shaped by classical management practices; and technophile leaders, highly comfortable with digital tools but less adept in human and relational dimensions. The study ultimately highlights that, to succeed in their transformation, Tunisian banks need versatile leaders capable of bridging people, digital technologies, and scientific thinking.