System Approach to Project Management with Special Reference to Community Based Organisations in Nigeria

Background: Effective project management is critical for the success of community development projects, particularly in resource-constrained environments like Nigeria. This study examines the role of planning, scheduling, and controlling within the systems approach to project management, using the Socio-Technical Systems Theory and Systems Theory as its theoretical foundation. Objective: The main objective was to examine the role of planning, scheduling, and controlling within the systems approach to project management in community development projects in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Grounded in Socio-Technical Systems Theory and Systems Theory, the research aims to explore how these project management pillars contribute to project success, defined here as timeliness, quality, and sustainability. Methodology: This study employed a quantitative approach, using a descriptive survey design to collect data from 250 respondents across 10 community-based and non-governmental organizations. Findings: The findings of this study revealed that comprehensive planning, risk identification, and resource allocation were essential for project success. Scheduling practices were found to be critical in meeting timelines and ensuring quality delivery, while controlling mechanisms, including real-time monitoring and corrective actions, were crucial in adapting to challenges. Conclusion: The study concludes that integrating a systems approach to project management enhances the effectiveness and sustainability of community development projects. This research contributes to systems theory and project management scholarship by providing empirical evidence of how systems thinking can improve project management practices in the context of community development. Practical recommendations include the adoption of advanced project management tools, training for project managers, and the formalization of scheduling and control systems to enhance project outcomes. By bridging theoretical gaps and offering actionable insights, this study advances the understanding of how structured project management can lead to more sustainable development in resource-constrained settings.