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Banking resilience during security crises and customer satisfaction in Goma, D.R. Congo: A stress test of the banking sector
[Résilience bancaire en période de crise sécuritaire et satisfaction des clients à Goma-R.D. Congo : le test de survie du secteur bancaire]

Author

Listed:
  • Clément-Francois C.F. Wakwinga Wabenga

    (UNIGOM - Université de Goma)

  • Préféré Burhonyi Burhashengwa

    (UNIGOM - Université de Goma)

  • Paul Senzira Nahayo

    (UNIGOM - Université de Goma)

  • Dieu-Merci Kambale Kahandukya

    (UNIGOM - Université de Goma)

  • Rodrigue Muhindo Kalere

    (UNIGOM - Université de Goma)

  • Tesla Kambale Tsongo

    (UNIGOM - Université de Goma)

Abstract

This paper has analyzed banking resilience and customer satisfaction during the security crisis in Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), following the M23 armed occupation from January 2025. The study has aimed to evaluate the capacity of commercial banks to maintain service continuity and to measure users' satisfaction under systemic disruptions due to the security crisis in Goma. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining a survey of 405 randomly selected respondents from seven banks operating in Goma with qualitative semi-structured interviews conducted with selected representatives of employers' associations and bank employees. Using a descriptive analytical approach and a binary logistic regression model validated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, the study found that 88% of users experienced banking service interruptions, highlighting the structural vulnerability of the local financial system. Nevertheless, 73.8% have declared maintaining trust in banks' fund management, while 65.9% have reported confidence in digital services. Mobile Money usage has significantly increased (from 78.5% before the crisis to 84.7% during the crisis), while card usage has dropped sharply (from 73.6% to 29.9%). The binary logit model has revealed that service continuity (p = 0.006) has represented the main positive determinant of satisfaction, while ease of use (p = 0.008), network reliability (p = 0.049), and access to funds (p = 0.005) have exerted significant negative effects.In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that banking resilience in Goma has relied less on advanced digitalization than on three essential pillars: perceived service continuity, access to liquidity, and institutional trust. Keywords: Banking resilience, Satisfaction, Security crisis. Classification JEL : G21, G28, O16, D12, C25 Paper type: Empirical Research

Suggested Citation

  • Clément-Francois C.F. Wakwinga Wabenga & Préféré Burhonyi Burhashengwa & Paul Senzira Nahayo & Dieu-Merci Kambale Kahandukya & Rodrigue Muhindo Kalere & Tesla Kambale Tsongo, 2025. "Banking resilience during security crises and customer satisfaction in Goma, D.R. Congo: A stress test of the banking sector [Résilience bancaire en période de crise sécuritaire et satisfaction des," Post-Print hal-05332743, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05332743
    DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17330873
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-05332743v1
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities

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