Economics of Data Sharing: An Economic Analysis of Data Sharing Ecosystem

In the context of European strategy for data announced by the EU in 2020, the Data Act (DA) has been adopted in June 2023, and the Data Governance Act (DGA) will enter into force in September. There is widespread interest among stakeholders involved in data-sharing ecosystems in understanding the impact of and strategies for implementing this new regulatory framework.Indeed, the DGA is initiating a regime of opt-in provisions for data intermediaries, and the DA obligations are subject to significant margins of legal interpretation, while no European Data regulator is created to oversee the implementation. The industry, in cooperation with public authorities, is therefore developing, experimenting, and scaling up governance solutions such as automated compliance tools, trust and labelling frameworks, clearing houses, aimed at facilitating the development of efficient, fair and secured data sharing spaces or data markets. The way value is created and distributed through data sharing, and the way costs are shared, are also essential dimensions of the arrangements governing digital ecosystems, with significant impacts on value creation by the models, as well as their sustainability, and the competitivity of the involved stakeholders.The Gaia-X Institute* together with the Governance and Regulation Chair organized one-day hybrid-conference held at the University Paris-Dauphine to discuss among key stakeholder groups, including policy makers, industry representatives, and researchers, the alternative implementation strategies for DGA and DA, their promises, and risks.