A Performative Genealogy of the Creative Industries and Policy Implications[Une généalogie performative des Industries Créatives et implications pour les politiques publiques]

This chapter offers an original genealogy of the "Creative Industries", a term that has developed since its inception in the late 20th century as a policy tool to foster economic growth and innovation. We trace the roots of the concept through three distinct collective action models: the cultural-dissemination of Renaissance patronage, the knowledge-intermediation systems of medieval monasticism, and the product-crafting guilds of the late Middle Ages. By analyzing their historical contexts, we reveal the performative intentions behind policies supporting creative organizations. We then explore the shift in policies from supporting small-scale, unique production to fostering large-scale replicability, transitioning from state-controlled cultural approaches in the mid-20th century to market-driven models in the late 20th century, ultimately culminating in the current emphasis on "Creative Industries" within a knowledge economyknowledge economy framework. Finally, the chapter critiques the current knowledge economy framework, which prioritizes economic scalability over cultural sustainability. It calls for rethinking policies to address key challenges such as the undervaluation of culture-driven organizations, the erosion of knowledge diversity, and the lack of autonomous industrial production. Emphasizing the concept of "creative sovereignty", it proposes an inclusive policy agenda that integrates cultural, economic, and strategic considerations to ensure the resilience of creative organizations.