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Impact of migration status on employment quality: causal empirical evidence for Tunisian migrants

Author

Listed:
  • Fares Ben Youssef

    (Université de Tunis)

  • Mohamed Kriaa

    (Université de Tunis)

  • Julie Le Gallo

    (CESAER - Centre d'économie et de sociologie rurales appliquées à l'agriculture et aux espaces ruraux - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement)

Abstract

This article examines the causal impact of migration status on employment quality among Tunisian migrants, focusing on those who migrated after the 2011 revolution, a period characterized by both intensified migration flows and a transformation in the profile of migrants, driven by political and economic shifts. Using data from Tunisia's first national survey on international migration, an endogenous treatment effects model addresses the endogeneity between migration status and employment quality, which is measured through a comprehensive composite indicator covering aspects such as social protections, access to health insurance, paid leave, and retirement benefits. The results indicate that irregular migration significantly reduces the quality of employment compared to regular or binational migration. Irregular migrants face greater challenges in securing benefits such as health coverage and retirement plans. However, the impact is heterogeneous and varies notably by host country, with irregular migrants in France, the main destination country of Tunisian migrants, experiencing somewhat better outcomes than those in other countries. The findings highlight the need for policy interventions to improve regularization pathways and migrant employment conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Fares Ben Youssef & Mohamed Kriaa & Julie Le Gallo, 2025. "Impact of migration status on employment quality: causal empirical evidence for Tunisian migrants," Post-Print hal-05164586, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05164586
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2025.2495888
    as

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