Evolution of research and institutional perspectives about farming pluriactivity over the past 60 years[Évolution du regard de la recherche et des institutions sur la pluriactivité agricole depuis 60 ans]

Pluriactivity is a long-standing phenomenon in agriculture. Despite the professionalization of the farming profession, some members of the farm household have retained or taken up an activity outside the farm. This phenomenon, although marginalized by institutions, has gradually attracted the interest of research. Research has developed different definitions of pluriactivity, depending on its scope (scale of analysis and types of activity), the scientific disciplines involved, and the issues addressed. These elements have enabled us to identify five historical phases in the treatment of pluriactivity by scientific research. Today, pluriactivity tends to be considered an integral part of the diversity of agricultural models, although it does not equal the institutional legitimacy of the dominant model. This particular way of farming calls into question the contours of the profession. However, issues specific to pluriactivity remain to be addressed.