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Evolution of French corporate ownership: 1977-2017
[L’évolution de l’actionnariat en France : 1977-2017]

Author

Listed:
  • Tristan Auvray

    (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - UP13 - Université Paris 13 - USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Cet article retrace les grandes tendances de l'actionnariat français des sociétés cotées et non cotées à partir de la fin des années 1970, et plus spécialement en ce début de XXIe siècle, 20 ans après l'éclatement du coeur financier français. Nous proposons une méthode originale, combinant les comptes de patrimoines et les statistiques sur les IDE de la Banque de France, ainsi que l'enquête CPIS du FMI, pour donner des ordres de grandeurs sur la localisation de cet actionnariat et le type de ses prises de participations. Pour caractériser de manière plus détaillée l'évolution de l'actionnariat des sociétés cotées françaises sur la période récente nous nous focalisons ensuite sur les grandes sociétés de la place de Paris. Malgré la grande rupture qu'a été la montée des investisseurs institutionnels états-uniens à la fin des années 1990, l'actionnariat des grandes sociétés cotées a connu une forte stabilité dans ses niveaux de concentration depuis 2002, ce qui ne doit pas dissimuler la montée, aux côtés des actionnaires de contrôle traditionnels, de nouveaux actionnaires de contrôle (fonds souverains, hedge funds, et groupes étrangers). De même, si la concentration des cinq premiers actionnaires est stable, les participations du premier actionnaire tendent à diminuer, conférant plus de poids relatif aux autres détenteurs de blocs d'actions. Codes JEL: G32, G34 Evolution of French corporate ownership: 1977-2017 This article presents the evolution of shareholdings in French listed and non-listed corporations since 1977, with a focus on the beginning of the XXIst century, twenty years after the unlocking of the French financial core. We present an original method that combines national balance sheets and FDI statistics published by the Banque de France, and the CPIS coordinated by the IMF in order to give an order of magnitude of the localisation of French corporate owners. We present also numbers on the evolution of ownership of French CAC 40 corporations since 2002. Despite the rise of institutional investors since the late nineties, levels of ownership concentration are very stable. Nevertheless, new activist shareholders (sovereign wealth funds, hedge or private equity funds) are among the first shareholders. Moreover, the stability of the concentration of the five first shareholders, coupled with a decline of the share of the first shareholder, gives more weight to the main blockholders.

Suggested Citation

  • Tristan Auvray, 2018. "Evolution of French corporate ownership: 1977-2017 [L’évolution de l’actionnariat en France : 1977-2017]," Post-Print hal-02482525, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02482525
    DOI: 10.3917/ecofi.130.0073
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-02482525
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance

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