Tiny Nation, Big Talent: How Mongolia Entered The World's Math Elite

Mongolia may be small in population, but it has built a global reputation in one of the toughest intellectual arenas: the International Math Olympiad. This case study, Tiny Nation, Big Talent, traces Mongolia’s decades-long rise to back-to-back Top 20 finishes against countries many times its size and wealth. Through a blend of broad and early talent identification, free and inclusive training, and the mentorship of former medalists, Mongolia has cultivated a culture where math excellence is celebrated and rewarded. This is the first paper in our new series, GTF Insights, short offers a roadmap for other middle- and lower-income countries seeking to build STEM economies. With ambitious goals for 2029, when it will host the IMO, Mongolia's rise is poised to continue. Read the paper to learn how they're rewriting the rules of global talent development—and what lessons can be applied in other countries.