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El Niño preparedness and response

Author

Listed:
  • Duchoslav, Jan
  • Jamali, Andrew
  • Kumchulesi, Grace
  • Nagoli, Joseph

Abstract

El Niño is a phase in an irregular periodic variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the Pacific Ocean. It occurs on average every 2 to 7 years and typically lasts between 9 months and 2 years. El Niño affects global weather patterns, resulting in above-average precipitation in some places and droughts in others. Malawi and its neighbors typically experience drier than usual weather during El Niño, which often leads to poor growing conditions and below-average harvests (Anderson et al., 2023). In mid-June 2026, conditions in the Pacific Ocean have surpassed El Niño thresholds, and it is becoming increasingly probable that they will strengthen further (NOAA, 2026).

Suggested Citation

  • Duchoslav, Jan & Jamali, Andrew & Kumchulesi, Grace & Nagoli, Joseph, 2026. "El Niño preparedness and response," MaSSP policy notes 59, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    • Handle: RePEc:fpr:masspn:183710
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    File URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/183710
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