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Working Paper 11-16 - Commuting subsidies in Belgium - Implementation in the PLANET model

Author

Listed:
  • Benoît Laine
  • Alex Van Steenbergen

Abstract

This paper seeks to quantify the size and traffic effects of commuting subsidies in Belgium. To this end we implement the most recently available data on both the personal income tax treatment of commuting reimbursement and subsidies to rail commuters in the PLANET model. We find that subsidy rates by tend to differ strongly by mode and by type of reimbursement. Commuting by own car is generally subsidized at low levels, if it enjoys any subsidy at all. Commuting by company car, bike and public transport enjoy relatively high levels of subsidization. Policy simulations show the importance of commuting subsidies in steering the modal split. Both the exemptions for commuting reimbursements as well as subsidies for rail commuters moderately steer traffic away from private transport, while also lengthening the average commute.

Suggested Citation

  • Benoît Laine & Alex Van Steenbergen, 2016. "Working Paper 11-16 - Commuting subsidies in Belgium - Implementation in the PLANET model," Working Papers 201611, Federal Planning Bureau, Belgium.
    • Handle: RePEc:fpb:wpaper:201611
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    File URL: https://www.plan.be/uploaded/documents/201610281153130.WP_1611_11354.pdf
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Externalities; Personal income tax and subsidies; Transportation: Demand; Supply and Congestion;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D62 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Externalities
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise

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