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The Persistence of Low Income Spells in Canada, 1982-1993

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  • Mirelle Laroche

Abstract

This paper quantifies both the persistence of low income spells in Canada and the likelihood of exiting and re-entering a low income spell. It assesses multiple spells of low income and takes into account observable socio-demographic characteristics as well as unobserved heterogeneity in personal characteristics. We find that, regardless of the income measure used and of socio-demographic characteristics, the non-senior Canadian population can be roughly divided into two broad groups, more or less equal is size, where the first group is characterised by relatively short low income spells, reflecting a temporary situation, and where the second group experiences low income spells that are longer and more frequent, characterising a more permanent situation. Moreover, socio-demographic characteristics are important in determining the persistence of low income spells. Lone-parent families and non-family persons, especially women, are faced with relatively low (high) probabilities of exiting (re-entering) a low income spell and are more likely to spend extended periods of time below the low income threshold. Ce document quantifie la persistance des épisodes de faible revenu au Canada ainsi que la probabilité de sortir d'un épisode de faible revenu faible et d'y retourner en évaluant des épisodes multiples de faible revenu et en tenant compte des caractéristiques socio-démographiques observables ainsi que de l'hétérogénéité non observée des caractéristiques personnelles. Nous constatons que, quelle que soit la mesure du revenu utilisée et les caractéristiques socio-démographiques examinées, la population canadienne (en excluant les personnes âgées) peut être globalement divisée en deux groupes, plus ou moins égaux, le premier groupe étant caractérisé par des épisodes relativement courts de faible revenu, qui traduisent une situation temporaire, et le second groupe traversant des épisodes de faible revenu plus longs et plus fréquents, caractéristiques d'une situation plus durable. De plus, les caractéristiques socio-démographiques sont importantes lorsqu'il s'agit de déterminer la persistance des épisodes de faible revenu. Les familles monoparentales et les personnes hors famille, en particulier les femmes, font face à des probabilités relativement faibles (élevées) de sortir d'un épisode de faible revenu (de retomber dans un épisode de faible revenu) et sont plus susceptibles de passer de longues périodes au-dessous du seuil de faible revenu.

Suggested Citation

  • Mirelle Laroche, "undated". "The Persistence of Low Income Spells in Canada, 1982-1993," Working Papers-Department of Finance Canada 1998-02, Department of Finance Canada.
  • Handle: RePEc:fca:wpfnca:1998-02
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