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Medición del impacto de los acuerdos de libre comercio en América Latina: el caso de México

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  • Romero, José Luis

Abstract

El propósito de este estudio es proponer una metodología para evaluar el impacto de los acuerdos comerciales sobre el comercio y el resto de la economía en países de América Latina. La metodología se ilustra mediante datos sobre México, y se analiza la evolución del comercio exterior mexicano por medio de varios indicadores, así como el posible traslado de factores que el comercio pudo haber provocado. También se investigan los rubros en los que México tiene ventaja comparativa, y cómo ésta ha evolucionado. Además se examina la evolución de la competitividad de los productos mexicanos en el mercado de los Estados Unidos frente a los productos chinos. Asimismo, se estudia la evolución de la productividad para conocer si la expansión del comercio se explica por aumentos en la misma, o si tuvo algún efecto sobre ella. Finalmente, se utilizan indicadores de convergencia para comprobar si la apertura comercial y los acuerdos comerciales aceleraron la expansión económica de México con relación a las economías desarrolladas. Measuring the impact of free trade agreements in Latin America: the case of Mexico Abstract: The objective of this report is to propose a methodology for evaluating the impact of free trade agreements on the economies of Latin America. The methodology is illustrated by an analysis over Mexico's external trade flows, by means of using various indicators. The analysis investigates the possible transfers that increased commerce may have resulted in, as well as the areas in which Mexico has a comparative advantage and the development of these areas.The report also attempts to shed light on the evolution of competition for Mexican products facing Chinese products in the market with the United States. As such, it studies the progression of productivity advancement in order to find out whether trade expansion is a product of these advancements, or whether instead trade expansion has had an effect on productivity advancements. Finally, the report uses convergence indicators to test whether commercial openness and trade agreements have accelerated economic growth in Mexico, compared to other developing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Romero, José Luis, 2009. "Medición del impacto de los acuerdos de libre comercio en América Latina: el caso de México," Estudios y Perspectivas – Sede Subregional de la CEPAL en México 4892, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
  • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col031:4892
    Note: Incluye Bibliografía
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